Plant biology explains how plants obtain resources, grow, reproduce and interact with their surroundings. Connect structures you can see under a microscope to the processes they support.
Build your understanding
Leaves and gas exchange
Stomatal density is a count per unit area. Stomatal index relates stomata to all counted epidermal cells; the two measurements answer different questions.
Reproduction and dispersal
Compare the function of a spore with that of a seed. Fern sporangia disperse spores, while seed plants retain ovules and produce seeds after fertilization.
- Fern Spore Dispersal: Annulus, Cavitation and Sporangium Mechanism
- Ginkgo biloba Reproduction: Pollen, Ovules & Motile Sperm
Metabolism
Follow how plants supply reducing power and build molecules. The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway supplies NADPH without directly producing ATP.
- Oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Plants: Steps, NADPH, Regulation & Quiz
- Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Plants: Pathway, Enzymes and Functions
Apply the idea
Two leaves have different stomatal densities. Explain why this alone does not prove a difference in water-use efficiency. Consider leaf age, environment, aperture and sampling.
Study with a purpose
Read a lesson, sketch its process from memory, then explain why each step matters. Use the questions within the linked lessons to check the explanation. A correct option is more useful when you can also reject the alternatives.
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