Unveiling the Mysteries of Life: A Journey through Physiology, Excretion, and Metabolism
- Q61. Plants excrete:
Answer: (D) All of theseExplanation: Plants excrete excess water through guttation (option A), excess oxygen during photosynthesis (option B), and excess carbon dioxide during respiration (option C).Q62. Which of the following has maximum toxicity?Answer: (C) Uric AcidExplanation: Options:(A) Ammonia(B) Urea(C) Uric Acid(D) CreatinineUric acid has the maximum toxicity among the given options.Q63. Which of the following has medium toxicity?Answer: (B) UreaExplanation: Options:(A) Ammonia(B) Urea(C) Uric Acid(D) WaterUrea has medium toxicity compared to ammonia (high toxicity) and uric acid (maximum toxicity).Q64. Which of the following has least toxicity?Answer: (B) UreaExplanation: Options:(A) Ammonia(B) Urea(C) Uric Acid(D) All are highly toxicUrea has relatively lower toxicity compared to ammonia and uric acid.Q65. Guttation takes place through?Answer: (D) HydathodesExplanation: Options:(A) Stomata(B) Injured tissues(C) Lenticels(D) HydathodesGuttation occurs through specialized structures called hydathodes.Q66. The excretory organs of Planaria are known as?Answer: (A) ProtonephridiaExplanation: Options:(A) Protonephridia(B) Flame cells(C) Both (A) and (B)(D) MetanephridiaThe excretory organs of Planaria are protonephridia.Q67. Tubular excretory systems of the earthworm consist of?Answer: (C) Malpighian tubulesExplanation: Options:(A) Protonephridia(B) Coxal gland(C) Malpighian tubules(D) MetanephridiaEarthworms have tubular excretory systems called Malpighian tubules.Q68. The internal opening of the metanephridium is known as:Answer: (A) NephrostomsExplanation: Options:(A) Nephrostoms(B) Nephiridioore(C) Excretory pore(D) All of theseThe internal openings of metanephridia are called nephrostomes.Q69. Liver synthesizes:Answer: (D) All of theseExplanation: Options:(A) Non-essential amino acids(B) Plasma proteins(C) Cholesterol(D) All of theseThe liver synthesizes non-essential amino acids, plasma proteins, and cholesterol.Q70. In humans, excess nitrogen is eliminated from the body by mainly converting it to:Answer: (A) UreaExplanation: Options:(A) Urea(B) Uric Acid(C) Ammonia(D) Amine phosphateExcess nitrogen in humans is eliminated by converting it to urea, which is excreted by the kidneys.Q71. The liver is:a. Smallest internal organb. Medium-sized internal organc. Body’s largest internal organd. All options are incorrectAnswer: (c) Body’s largest internal organExplanation: The liver is the body's largest internal organ, involved in various metabolic functions.Q72. The three major body fuels managed by the liver are:a. Protein, vitamins, and mineralsb. Carbohydrates, fat, and proteinc. Glucose, fructose, and sucrosed. Glucose, iron, and proteinAnswer: (b) Carbohydrates, fat, and proteinExplanation: The liver plays a crucial role in managing carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolism.Q73. Pigment found in bile is formed during catabolism:a. Haem catabolismb. Globin catabolismc. Cholesterol catabolismd. Both A and CAnswer: (d) Both A and CExplanation: The pigments found in bile are formed during the catabolism of both haem (A) and cholesterol (C).Q74. The nephron is:a. The site of urine storageb. The function unit of the kidneyc. The site where ADH is producedd. Also called the ‘Bowman’s capsule’Answer: (b) The function unit of the kidneyExplanation: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, responsible for the filtration and formation of urine.Q75. From the distal convoluted tubules, filtrate will be carried to the:a. Renal corpusclesb. Collecting ductc. Nephron loopd. Proximal convoluted tubulesAnswer: (b) Collecting ductExplanation: From the distal convoluted tubules, the filtrate is carried to the collecting duct in the kidney.Q76. All of the following are normally found in urine except:a. Sodium ionsb. Uric acidc. Creatinined. GlucoseAnswer: (d) GlucoseExplanation: Glucose is normally reabsorbed in the renal tubules and should not be found in urine under normal circumstances.Q77. Hormone that regulates the transfer of sodium from the nephron to blood:a. Parathormoneb. Anti-diureticc. Aldosteroned. VasopressinAnswer: (c) AldosteroneExplanation: Aldosterone regulates the reabsorption of sodium in the nephron, affecting blood sodium levels.Q78. Conversion of ammonia into urea occurs in:a. Kidneyb. Lungsc. IntestineAnswer: (a) LiverExplanation: The conversion of ammonia into urea primarily occurs in the liver, not the kidney.Q79. Liver Separation of amino acid into amino and carboxyl group is known as:a. Aminationb. Excretionc. Delaminationd. ElectionAnswer: (a) AminationExplanation: The separation of amino acids into amino and carboxyl groups is known as amination.Q80. Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous waste material in the excretory system of:a. Reptilesb. Birdsc. InsectsAnswer: (b) BirdsExplanation: Birds excrete uric acid as their chief nitrogenous waste material.Related posts
Unveiling the Mysteries of Life: A Journey through Physiology, Excretion, and Metabolism
- Q61. Plants excrete:
Answer: (D) All of these
Explanation: Plants excrete excess water through guttation (option A), excess oxygen during photosynthesis (option B), and excess carbon dioxide during respiration (option C).
Q62. Which of the following has maximum toxicity?
Answer: (C) Uric Acid
Explanation: Options:
(A) Ammonia
(B) Urea
(C) Uric Acid
(D) Creatinine
Uric acid has the maximum toxicity among the given options.
Q63. Which of the following has medium toxicity?
Answer: (B) Urea
Explanation: Options:
(A) Ammonia
(B) Urea
(C) Uric Acid
(D) Water
Urea has medium toxicity compared to ammonia (high toxicity) and uric acid (maximum toxicity).
Q64. Which of the following has least toxicity?
Answer: (B) Urea
Explanation: Options:
(A) Ammonia
(B) Urea
(C) Uric Acid
(D) All are highly toxic
Urea has relatively lower toxicity compared to ammonia and uric acid.
Q65. Guttation takes place through?
Answer: (D) Hydathodes
Explanation: Options:
(A) Stomata
(B) Injured tissues
(C) Lenticels
(D) Hydathodes
Guttation occurs through specialized structures called hydathodes.
Q66. The excretory organs of Planaria are known as?
Answer: (A) Protonephridia
Explanation: Options:
(A) Protonephridia
(B) Flame cells
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) Metanephridia
The excretory organs of Planaria are protonephridia.
Q67. Tubular excretory systems of the earthworm consist of?
Answer: (C) Malpighian tubules
Explanation: Options:
(A) Protonephridia
(B) Coxal gland
(C) Malpighian tubules
(D) Metanephridia
Earthworms have tubular excretory systems called Malpighian tubules.
Q68. The internal opening of the metanephridium is known as:
Answer: (A) Nephrostoms
Explanation: Options:
(A) Nephrostoms
(B) Nephiridioore
(C) Excretory pore
(D) All of these
The internal openings of metanephridia are called nephrostomes.
Q69. Liver synthesizes:
Answer: (D) All of these
Explanation: Options:
(A) Non-essential amino acids
(B) Plasma proteins
(C) Cholesterol
(D) All of these
The liver synthesizes non-essential amino acids, plasma proteins, and cholesterol.
Q70. In humans, excess nitrogen is eliminated from the body by mainly converting it to:
Answer: (A) Urea
Explanation: Options:
(A) Urea
(B) Uric Acid
(C) Ammonia
(D) Amine phosphate
Excess nitrogen in humans is eliminated by converting it to urea, which is excreted by the kidneys.
Q71. The liver is:
a. Smallest internal organ
b. Medium-sized internal organ
c. Body’s largest internal organ
d. All options are incorrect
Answer: (c) Body’s largest internal organ
Explanation: The liver is the body's largest internal organ, involved in various metabolic functions.
Q72. The three major body fuels managed by the liver are:
a. Protein, vitamins, and minerals
b. Carbohydrates, fat, and protein
c. Glucose, fructose, and sucrose
d. Glucose, iron, and protein
Answer: (b) Carbohydrates, fat, and protein
Explanation: The liver plays a crucial role in managing carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolism.
Q73. Pigment found in bile is formed during catabolism:
a. Haem catabolism
b. Globin catabolism
c. Cholesterol catabolism
d. Both A and C
Answer: (d) Both A and C
Explanation: The pigments found in bile are formed during the catabolism of both haem (A) and cholesterol (C).
Q74. The nephron is:
a. The site of urine storage
b. The function unit of the kidney
c. The site where ADH is produced
d. Also called the ‘Bowman’s capsule’
Answer: (b) The function unit of the kidney
Explanation: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, responsible for the filtration and formation of urine.
Q75. From the distal convoluted tubules, filtrate will be carried to the:
a. Renal corpuscles
b. Collecting duct
c. Nephron loop
d. Proximal convoluted tubules
Answer: (b) Collecting duct
Explanation: From the distal convoluted tubules, the filtrate is carried to the collecting duct in the kidney.
Q76. All of the following are normally found in urine except:
a. Sodium ions
b. Uric acid
c. Creatinine
d. Glucose
Answer: (d) Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is normally reabsorbed in the renal tubules and should not be found in urine under normal circumstances.
Q77. Hormone that regulates the transfer of sodium from the nephron to blood:
a. Parathormone
b. Anti-diuretic
c. Aldosterone
d. Vasopressin
Answer: (c) Aldosterone
Explanation: Aldosterone regulates the reabsorption of sodium in the nephron, affecting blood sodium levels.
Q78. Conversion of ammonia into urea occurs in:
a. Kidney
b. Lungs
c. Intestine
Answer: (a) Liver
Explanation: The conversion of ammonia into urea primarily occurs in the liver, not the kidney.
Q79. Liver Separation of amino acid into amino and carboxyl group is known as:
a. Amination
b. Excretion
c. Delamination
d. Election
Answer: (a) Amination
Explanation: The separation of amino acids into amino and carboxyl groups is known as amination.
Q80. Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous waste material in the excretory system of:
a. Reptiles
b. Birds
c. Insects
Answer: (b) Birds
Explanation: Birds excrete uric acid as their chief nitrogenous waste material.
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