🌍 Chapter 27 – Man and His Environment
✍️ Short Questions with Answers (Class 11 Biology)
📌 Introduction
Chapter 27 “Man and His Environment” focuses on human interactions with the ecosystem, natural resources, and environmental protection. This post contains solved short questions, perfect for Class 11 students preparing for exams.
Learn renewable & nonrenewable resources, pollution, conservation, and water & soil management easily.
1. Difference between Renewable and Non-renewable Resources
Renewable: Resources that can be replenished (e.g., solar energy, wind).
Non-renewable: Limited resources that cannot be replaced quickly (e.g., coal, oil).
2. Define Soil and Give its Constituents
Soil is the upper layer of earth that supports plant life.
Constituents: Minerals, organic matter (humus), water, and air.
3. What is Wildlife? Give its Importance
Wildlife includes all wild plants and animals.
Importance: Maintains ecological balance and biodiversity.
4. Write Four Ways to Conserve Energy
- Use energy-efficient appliances
- Turn off unused lights
- Use public transport
- Promote renewable energy
5. Define Demography with Example
Demography is the study of human population.
Example: Population growth rate in Pakistan.
6. Difference between Deforestation and Afforestation
Deforestation: Cutting down forests.
Afforestation: Planting new trees.
7. Why Forests are Called Environmental Buffers?
Forests regulate climate, reduce pollution, and prevent soil erosion, acting as natural protectors.
8. Define Pollution with its Types
Pollution is the addition of harmful substances to environment.
Types: Air, water, soil, noise pollution.
9. What is Greenhouse Effect?
It is the trapping of heat by gases like CO₂ in atmosphere, causing temperature rise.
10. Write a Note on Acid Rain
Acid rain forms when SO₂ and NO₂ gases react with water vapor, making rain acidic.
11. Give Two Main Sources of Water Pollution
- Industrial waste
- Sewage disposal
12. Explain Eutrophication
It is the excess growth of algae due to nutrients in water, reducing oxygen for aquatic life.
13. Give Effects of Acid Rain
- Damages plants
- Corrodes buildings
- Harms aquatic life
14. What are Industrial Effluents?
Industrial effluents are liquid wastes released from factories into water bodies.
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