Comprehensive Understanding of Cellular Processes: Osmosis, Feedback Mechanisms, and Adaptations in Water Environments"

This title encompasses the topics covered in the multiple-choice questions, including cellular processes like osmosis, feedback mechanisms, and adaptations to different water environments. Discover cellular biology essentials: osmosis, feedback mechanisms, and water adaptations. Uncover how cells respond to solutions and the role of insulin in blood sugar control. Explore plant and animal adaptations to diverse water environments. ideal for students and science enthusiasts. #CellBiology #Osmosis #FeedbackMechanisms #BiologyEducation #Adaptations #ScienceLearning

#CellularBiology #Osmosis #FeedbackMechanisms #Adaptations #BiologyEducation #ScienceExploration #WaterEnvironments #Homeostasis #CellularProcesses #ScienceLearningUSA

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Q41. A cell is placed in a solution and swells. This solution is called:

(A) Isotonic to cell

(B) hypertonic to the cell

(D) All the above

Answer: (C) Hypotonic to cell
Explanation: In a hypotonic solution, there is a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell compared to inside. The cell undergoes swelling as water flows into it
Q42. In an isotonic, there would be:

(A) No net movement of water

(B) There is a net influx of water into the cell.

(D) Bursting of cells

Answer: (A) No net movement of water
Explanation: In an isotonic solution, the concentration of solutes is the same inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.
Q43. A cell whose internal salt concentration is 0.3 per liter is placed in a solution having a salt concentration of 0.5 per liter. The solution is:

(A) Isotonic to cell

(B) Hypotonic to the cell

(D) None of the above

Answer: (B) Hypotonic to cell
Explanation: The solution has a higher salt concentration than the cell, making it hypotonic. Water will move into the cell.
Q44. Osmosis is defined as:

(A) Flow of solvent through a semi-permeable membrane from a higher concentration to a lower concentration of solution

(B) Flow of solvent through a semi-permeable membrane from a lower concentration to a higher concentration solution

(D) None of the above

Answer: (A) Flow of solvent through a semi-permeable membrane from a higher concentration to a lower concentration solution
Explanation: Osmosis is the movement of solvent (usually water) across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
Q45. Plasmolysis of a human red blood cell would occur if the cell were:

(A) In an isotonic solution

(B) In a hypertonic solution

(D) None of the above

Answer: (B) In a hypertonic solution
Explanation: Plasmolysis occurs when a cell loses water in a hypertonic solution, leading to the shrinkage of the cell.
Q46. When an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic environment, it will:

(A) Undergo cytolysis

(B) Undergo plasmolysis

(D) Its turgor pressure decreases.

Answer: (A) Undergo cytolysis.
Explanation: In a hypotonic solution, water moves into the cell, causing it to swell and potentially undergo cytolysis (bursting).
Q47. The contractile vacuole of a paramecium should be active when the paramecium is in:

(A) An isotonic environment

(B) A hypertonic environment

(D) Any environment

Answer: (B) A hypertonic environment
Explanation: The contractile vacuole in a paramecium helps expel excess water, and it would be more active in a hypertonic environment where there is a tendency for water to move into the cell.
Q48. The tendency of a solution to take up water when separated from pure water by a selectively permeable membrane is called:

(A) Osmotic pressure

(B) Turgor pressure

(D) Water potential

Answer: (A) Osmotic pressure
Explanation: Osmotic pressure is the force that drives the movement of water across a membrane.
Q49. Xerophytes have:

(A) Deep roots for water uptake

(B) Succulent stems for storage of water

(D) All the above

Answer: (D) All the above
Explanation: Xerophytes are plants adapted to arid conditions and may have deep roots, succulent stems, and few stomata to limit water loss.

Q50. A plant without cuticle in leaves and stems having an increased number of stomata, partially or completely submerged in water, is:

(A) Mesophytes

(B) Hydrophytes

(D) Halophytes

Answer: (B) Hydrophytes
Explanation: Hydrophytes are plants adapted to aquatic environments, and they may lack a cuticle, have increased stomata, and be partially or completely submerged in water.

Q51. The entry of water from salty soil into the roots of halophytes takes place because the root of halophytes develops:

(A) High water potential
(B) Low osmotic pressure
(C) low water potential
(D) All the above
Answer: (D) All the above
Explanation: The roots of halophytes develop both high water potential and low osmotic pressure, facilitating the entry of water from salty soil.

Q52. Animals that do not adjust their internal osmoregulatory systems and are isotonic to their environment are:

(A) Osmoconformers
(B) Osmoregulators
(C) Thermoregulators
(D) Thermconformers
Answer: (A) Osmoconformers
Explanation: Osmoconformers maintain internal osmolarity similar to their environment without active osmoregulation.

Q53. Animals that are not isotonic with their environment and have developed mechanisms to regulate their internal solute and water concentrations are:

(A) Osmoconformers
(B) Osmoregulators
(C) Thermoregulators
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Answer: (B) Osmoregulators
Explanation: Osmoregulators actively regulate their internal solute and water concentrations, unlike osmoconformers.

Q54. What is the correct diagram below?

(A) Cell (A) will lose H2O; (B) will gain H2O; and (C) neither gains nor loses H2O solution.
(B) Cell (A) neither gains nor loses H2O; Cell (B) will gain H2O; and Cell (C) will lose H2O solution.
(C) Cell (A) will gain H2O; Cell (B) neither gains nor loses H2O; Cell (C) loses H2O solution.
(D) Cell (A) will gain H2O, Cell (B) will lose H2O, and Cell (C) neither gains nor loses H2O solution.
Answer: (D) Cell (A) will gain H2O, Cell (B) will lose H2O, and Cell (C) neither gains nor loses H2O solution.
Explanation: This scenario represents a hypertonic solution where water will move into Cell (A) and out of Cell (B), while Cell (C) remains unchanged.

Q55. An increase in blood sugar level triggers the release of the hormone insulin to the pancreas; the hormone insulin lowers the blood sugar level, restoring the body to its original blood glucose level by converting glucose to glycogen. This is an example of:

(A) Positive feedback
(B) Negative feedback
(C) Homeostatic imbalance
(D) None of the above
Answer: (B) Negative feedback
Explanation: Negative feedback mechanisms work to maintain homeostasis by opposing changes in the body and restoring conditions to normal levels.

Q56. A fish in fresh water:

(A) Produces dilute urine
(B) has a hypertonic body
(C) Produces concentrated urine
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Answer: (A) produces dilute urine.
Explanation: In fresh water, a fish faces the challenge of water influx, so it produces dilute urine to eliminate excess water.

Q57. To hag fish, sea water is:

(A) Isotonic
(B) Hypotonic
(C) Hypertonic
(D) None of these
Answer: (C) Hypertonic
Explanation: Sea water is hypertonic to hagfishes, and they need specialized adaptations to osmoregulate in such an environment.

Q58. A fish in marine water:

(A) Produces concentrated urine
(B) has a hypertonic body
(C) Produces dilute urine
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Answer: (D) Both (A) and (B)
Explanation: Marine fish need to conserve water, so they produce concentrated urine, and they have a hypertonic body compared to the surrounding water.

Q59. Metabolic water is:

(A) Water outside the cells of animals
(B) Produced by oxidation of fats
(C) Useful to desert mammals
(D) Both (B) and (C)
Answer: (D) Both (B) and (C)
Explanation: Metabolic water is produced during the oxidation of fats and is beneficial to desert mammals in water conservation.

Q60. Plants do not excrete ammonia, urea, and uric acid because:

(A) They lack nitrogenous waste.
(B) Their metabolism is protein-based.
(C) Their nitrogenous products are recycled.
(D) All (A), (B), and (C)
Answer: (D) All (A), (B), and (C)
Explanation: Plants recycle nitrogenous products, lack traditional excretion mechanisms, and have a protein-based metabolism.